Automobile fender and bumper



March 17, 1925..

B. PERLMAN AUTOMOBILE FENDER AND BUMPER Filed June 24, 1924 I INVENTOR I Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

UNITED STATES.

' i 11,529,668] j f I PATENT.

BENJAMIN PERLMAN, OFBRONX, NEW ironic,

AUTOMOBILE FENDER AND BUMPER.

I Application filed June 24, 1924. Serial No. 722,083.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN PERLMAN,

a citizen of Poland, residing in The-Bronx,"

in the county of Bronx, State of New, York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automobile Fenders and Bumpers, of which the followingiisajs'p eci fication.

My invention relates to improvements in,

combined shielding means for automobiles, protecting them from damage by collision and more particularly to afiord adequate protection to pedestrians and animals, such as horses, cows, dogs, etc. Such devices are not only applicable and useful in, automobiles of the present type used on ordinary streets, and find greater application where automobiles are .-mounted u on rails and used with corresponding whee s. This type of vehicle has found use upon streets used by pedestrians particularly in suburban sections and my invention finds. particular use in devices of this character where collision with pedestrians and animals or other objectscannot-be avoided bymerely turning from the normal direction of travelu 'With vehicles of the class. described,

1 wherein numerous exposed parts have been made ofrather fragile material, easily subject to damage, my device finds'particular utility for not only are the member points of support of such devices herein contemplated limited, but indiscriminate supportusually results in damage both to the, de-

vice and What may be the most delicateparts of the vehicle byreasonyof vibration and actual use in any collision or-other impact.

Where cover-all bumpers or fendershave been used, the extended parts by reason of the leverage force between points. of support and points where force ofw'impact or vibration are applied, usually cause disengugement at points of support or wear and abrasion of fragile parts.

The primary object ofmy invention is to provide a combined 7 fender and. bumper which will yield and prevent injury to objects struck while still protecting the carrier or vehicle and the exposed fragile parts.

Another object. ofmy inventionresides in the novel construction of parts of an at-, tachment insuring minimum injury "to ob.- jects struck by moving vehicles.

Another object of my invention resides in certain improvements in 'supportingf means for devices of the character de scribed, maintaining rigidity. of construcr.

tion in various positions of use while still;

maintaining simplicity of construction.

A still further object of my invention .re-

sides in a cover-all bumper and fender .in-n

suring minimum injury to'personslikelyfto j be struck at the same time combining rigidity of construction and simplicity of attachment to the. vehicle to assure against p a ment from the vehicle and da to the parts thereof.

drawing, illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention.

In the drawinggFig. l is aside elevation of theimproved fender attached iniposition,

illustration. r 1 r i Fig. 2 is a front elevation of my device in position.

.ofFig. 2. f

applied to an automobile 10 at the f arcuate 15, 16/ This'arcuate flange is".pr.eferablyina'fte'rftobe described; '3 j I p I .Pivoted ,atthe end of "the vertical strut 13 at 17 from the bearing members or lugs parts being broken away for conven'ienceof I I 'Fig. 3 .is a section taken on the line 3'i3 so provided, there is suspended the resilient frame 18"upon a horizontalsupport or-bar Y i 19 forming the upper side of the fran'ief-18;

vSide membersj20- and lowerhorizontal tion21 complete the side'sfof the frame.

I Theside members 20' are preferably made l curved with the concave portion facing ou-t--.

wardly. The horizontal member 21 is pref erably of a curved cross-section havingthe ferrules 22 which serveto hold the resilient" 1 roll 23, or this may otherwise fixedly be mounted along its-length./The ferrules 22 are formed with pivots 24 and mounted-in if the side arms 20 at the lower ends thereof in the lugs there-provided. The rollmay be madeof'rubber or other :fiexible and resilient .material in the form of rubber I To attain such objects andisuchfurtherfl objects as may hereinafter appear, I-willv now"make referenceto the. accompanying and 21 a foraminous material 18 preferably of Woven or coiled'wire' togiv'efadded" resiliency. The Wire fabric assumes 20 and is resilient throughout such Width-as the, curved portion of the arm 20 clearing such straight line 18 presents *no unprotecteed metal to any objectlikely to bestrnelizm Ati the lower-end of the strut 13:-there:'is1

provided a lug forming the-connection With the" lower end "of the-frame' -QS atthe: pin-tle 26 :interp'osed by the i resilient shock absorbing dash pot 27. Thisxme-mber. .is formedof-acylindrical member '28: in which moves the plunger '29 resiliently resisting movementby tlie interposed coiled spring 30. It Will be observed that =th e :members: 13,- frame' andarms QO-a-nd dash pot 27': form the sides of a triangle varying asito form when the dash pot- 27: is compresse'd by impact r01" pressure of any sort.- I Y I The fianges :14 are: preferably located at such point along 13 so that if-the forces are applied to the frame 18; it will be the cen-" ter of gravity of the forcespnthe' triangle,

cons'ideredwas a beam. It Will thus :bese'en' that' there is practically only to beconsidered the shearing stress of the bolts 15 and 16 Without" any possible displacement r inthe direction of the radiator of the machiner-or withoutrequiring any .props or 1 attachment at other point to prevent such displacemenh Thearcuate-fiange 14 is downwardly dispose-d so that 'When the tri angle 1 is closed 'by reason of compression :as shown inthe dot; 1

ted-lines (the axial line of tl e mo-vingparts)-' the center of gravity 01" percussion" of the new A form ot trianglei will H automatically shift: downwardly: to maintain the center:v of

forcestresisti F athe -iimpach'or compressionv at thepoint 'o supportr- The lower portion'ot' the clericeis prefiersz: ably made so as to normally clear: easil-yi'obw jects ofthe-size ofthe humanbeing& i. v

It will thus be seen that; a structure has been made which not only is rigid pr-event ing any displacementfrom its-normal posi-: tion ten-dinga possible breaking, ot jfragiile parts; but an eflicient shock-absorbing frame has been-provided preven-tingnnjury to an y';

straight line between the members 19 and object struck bythe moving vehicle The recoil of the device Will: also effectively serve to throw any object from the path of "the vehicle to prevent possible injury from the whe'elsof the vehicle in the motion remainingbefore it brought to a standstill.

l/Vhile I have described my invention in a preferredwform,I:am aware that various changes and modifications may be made in the parts employedWithoutideparting from the spirit of my invention: 2.x

While I have ilhistratedwmy' invention in connection withthe auto'i-nobileyitflvill'be understood that itvis capableflof iutili ty in connection with ot-he'intypes of ether-vehicles claims is capable of performing its intended function'sm portmei'i'iberand a 'daslrrpotfidisposed toi formrtheisides ota triangle, said fenderPbe-i mg snpported "at .s ubstantlally: this: center of percussion of said triangleil' to: horizo'ntal forces applied to said resilient frameae 2. V -A1 tender for auteinobiles comprisinga' vertical:braceimember, a resilrentwframe sup-- port member-.nan'd a dash pot;dispo'sedmto form tthe i'si dies 01 1 a triangle respectively; said sdasii pot being resiliently? contractile; I said fender being: supported at substantially: thecenter of percussion; said supportsbeing arcuately arranged, automatically shifting the center. of percussion as lill'GiliIlfllIgHlafiIG contraction-o tithe dash lation varies with the pot member;

3. A fenderi or b umperviolr automobile fivehicles, rcompri singi .-.a verticalr: brace member,

a resilient frame: support member l air'tl a 1 dash pot di-sposed to? for-maths sides i-of' a triangle, said "vertical unemben hav-i the reon mo unt- J eda downwardly: clisposed-iarcimte support? and positioned to keep "such portions above I tial balance .llOI"SlCl'Si'tl'llfllStS on the :frame and below such arcuate support in substanmember.

In witnesswhereot, I shave signed-fithiis' specification,this=2lst day of'Jii'ne, 1924. l

' BENJAMIN PERLMA 

